# Lesson Plan: Electric Charges, Production, Types, Distribution, and Storage
## Grade Level: Senior Secondary 1
### Duration: 90 minutes
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## Objectives:
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
1. Define electric charge and understand the basic properties of charges.
2. Identify the different types of electric charges.
3. Explain the production of electric charges.
4. Describe the distribution of electric charges.
5. Discuss different methods of storing electric charges.
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## Materials Needed:
- Whiteboard and markers
- Textbooks
- Balloons
- Glass rods and silk cloth
- Plastic rods and fur
- Electroscope
- PowerPoint presentation or printed handouts
- Computer with projector
- Worksheets for assessment
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## Lesson Structure:
### Introduction (10 minutes)
1. **Greeting and Attendance:**
- Greet the students and take attendance.
2. **Engagement:**
- Brief discussion on where students have encountered electric charges in their daily lives (e.g., static electricity when rubbing a balloon on hair).
3. **Learning Goals:**
- Outline the objectives of the lesson so students know what to expect.
### Presentation (20 minutes)
1. **Basic Concept of Electric Charges:**
- Define electric charge.
- Explain the properties: attractive and repulsive forces.
- Discuss Coulomb’s Law briefly.
2. **Types of Electric Charges:**
- Positive charge (protons).
- Negative charge (electrons).
3. **Production of Electric Charges:**
- Friction (rubbing two different materials together).
- Conduction (transferring charges through direct contact).
- Induction (transferring charges without direct contact).
4. **Distribution of Electric Charges:**
- Conductors versus Insulators.
- Description and examples of materials.
### Demonstration (15 minutes)
1. **Friction:**
- Demonstrate with a balloon and hair.
- Use a glass rod and silk cloth, and a plastic rod with fur to show charge transfer.
2. **Conduction:**
- Demonstrate using a charged rod and a neutral object (like an electroscope).
3. **Induction:**
- Show charge separation using an electroscope without direct contact.
### Activity (20 minutes)
1. **Group Activity:**
- Divide students into small groups.
- Provide each group with materials (balloons, rods, cloths, electroscope).
- Have them perform the given experiments and observe the effects.
2. **Worksheet:**
- Distribute worksheets with questions related to the demonstrations and concepts discussed.
- Ask students to work on it individually or in small groups.
### Discussion (10 minutes)
1. **Review:**
- Go over the worksheet answers as a class.
- Clarify any misconceptions or confusion.
2. **Q&A:**
- Open the floor for any questions from the students.
- Encourage curious thinking and discussion.
### Application (10 minutes)
1. **Storage of Electric Charges:**
- Introduction to capacitors.
- Explain basic working principles and real-life applications (e.g., in electronics).
### Conclusion (5 minutes)
1. **Recap:**
- Summarize key points of the lesson.
2. **Assignment:**
- Assign a short homework exercise on electric charges to reinforce learning.
3. **Closing Remarks:**
- Encourage students to explore more examples of electric charge in everyday life.
- Preview the next lesson topic.
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## Assessment:
- Observation of group activity participation.
- Worksheet completion and accuracy.
- Engagement during discussions and Q&A.
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## Homework Assignment:
- Write a one-page report on the role of electric charges in everyday devices such as smartphones and computers. Include at least three examples and how electric charges are used or managed in each.
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### Notes:
- Ensure safety during demonstrations.
- Prepare all materials in advance.
- Adapt explanations based on the class's understanding and engagement level.